Compare Lithuania (2002) - Cape Verde (2005)

Compare Lithuania (2002) z Cape Verde (2005)

	Lithuania (2002)	Cape Verde (2005)

Administrative divisions	10 counties (apskritys, singular - apskritis); Alytaus, Kauno, Klaipedos, Marijampoles, Panevezio, Siauliu, Taurages, Telsiu, Utenos, Vilniaus	17 municipalities (concelhos, singular - concelho); Boa Vista, Brava, Maio, Mosteiros, Paul, Praia, Porto Novo, Ribeira Grande, Sal, Santa Catarina, Santa Cruz, Sao Domingos, Sao Filipe, Sao Miguel, Sao Nicolau, Sao Vicente, Tarrafal
Age structure	0-14 years: 18.2% (male 333,966; female 319,992) 15-64 years: 68% (male 1,184,969; female 1,265,711) 65 years and over: 13.8% (male 167,789; female 328,711) (2002 est.)	0-14 years: 39% (male 82,249/female 80,752) 15-64 years: 54.3% (male 110,119/female 116,816) 65 years and over: 6.8% (male 10,599/female 17,689) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products	grain, potatoes, sugar beets, flax, vegetables; beef, milk, eggs; fish	bananas, corn, beans, sweet potatoes, sugarcane, coffee, peanuts; fish
Airports	72 (2001)	7 note: 3 airports are reported to be nonoperational (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 9 over 3,047 m: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 under 914 m: 3 (2002)	total: 6 over 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 5 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 63 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 5 under 914 m: 55 (2002)	total: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Area	total: 65,200 sq km land: NA sq km water: NA sq km	total: 4,033 sq km land: 4,033 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly larger than West Virginia	slightly larger than Rhode Island
Background	Independent between the two World Wars, Lithuania was annexed by the USSR in 1940. On 11 March 1990, Lithuania became the first of the Soviet republics to declare its independence, but this proclamation was not generally recognized until September of 1991 (following the abortive coup in Moscow). The last Russian troops withdrew in 1993. Lithuania subsequently has restructured its economy for eventual integration into Western European institutions.	The uninhabited islands were discovered and colonized by the Portuguese in the 15th century; Cape Verde subsequently became a trading center for African slaves and later an important coaling and resupply stop for whaling and transatlantic shipping. Following independence in 1975, and a tentative interest in unification with Guinea-Bissau, a one-party system was established and maintained until multi-party elections were held in 1990. Cape Verde continues to exhibit one of Africa's most stable democratic governments. Repeated droughts during the second half of the 20th century caused significant hardship and prompted heavy emigration. As a result, Cape Verde's expatriate population is greater than its domestic one. Most Cape Verdeans have both African and Portuguese antecedents.
Birth rate	10.22 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)	25.33 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget	revenues: $1.59 billion expenditures: $1.77 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2001 est.)	revenues: $260.6 million expenditures: $305.3 million, including capital expenditures of NA (2004 est.)
Capital	Vilnius	Praia
Climate	transitional, between maritime and continental; wet, moderate winters and summers	temperate; warm, dry summer; precipitation meager and very erratic
Coastline	99 km	965 km
Constitution	adopted 25 October 1992	new constitution came into force 25 September 1992; underwent a major revision on 23 November 1995, substantially increasing the powers of the president, and a further revision in 1999, to create the position of national ombudsman (Provedor de Justica)
Country name	conventional long form: Republic of Lithuania conventional short form: Lithuania local long form: Lietuvos Respublika local short form: Lietuva former: Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic	conventional long form: Republic of Cape Verde conventional short form: Cape Verde local long form: Republica de Cabo Verde local short form: Cabo Verde
Currency	litas (LTL)	-
Death rate	12.87 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)	6.62 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external	$5.8 billion (2002 est.)	$325 million (2002)
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador John F. TEFFT embassy: 2600 Akmenu 6, Vilnius mailing address: American Embassy, Vilnius, PSC 78, Box V, APO AE 09723 telephone: [370] (2) 665-500 FAX: [370] (2) 665-510	chief of mission: Ambassador Donald C. JOHNSON embassy: Rua Abilio m. Macedo 81, Praia mailing address: C. P. 201, Praia telephone: [238] 261 56 16, 261 56 17 FAX: [238] 261 13 55
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Vygaudas USACKAS chancery: 2622 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009 telephone: [1] (202) 234-5860 FAX: [1] (202) 328-0466 consulate(s) general: Chicago and New York	chief of mission: Ambassador Jose BRITO chancery: 3415 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007 telephone: [1] (202) 965-6820 FAX: [1] (202) 965-1207 consulate(s) general: Boston
Disputes - international	the Russian Duma has not ratified 1997 boundary treaty; the Latvian Parliament has not ratified its 1998 maritime boundary treaty with Lithuania, primarily due to concerns over oil exploration rights	none
Economic aid - recipient	$228.5 million (1995) (1995)	$136 million (1999)
Economy - overview	Lithuania, the Baltic state that has conducted the most trade with Russia, has been slowly rebounding from the 1998 Russian financial crisis. High unemployment, still 12% in 2002, and weak consumption have held back recovery. Trade has been increasingly oriented toward the West. Lithuania has gained membership in the World Trade Organization and has moved ahead with plans to join the EU. Privatization of the large, state-owned utilities, particularly in the energy sector, is underway. Overall, more than 80% of enterprises have been privatized. The US government and business aid have helped in the transition from the old command economy to a market economy.	This island economy suffers from a poor natural resource base, including serious water shortages exacerbated by cycles of long-term drought. The economy is service-oriented, with commerce, transport, tourism, and public services accounting for 72% of GDP. Although nearly 70% of the population lives in rural areas, the share of agriculture in GDP in 2004 was only 12%, of which fishing accounted for 1.5%. About 82% of food must be imported. The fishing potential, mostly lobster and tuna, is not fully exploited. Cape Verde annually runs a high trade deficit, financed by foreign aid and remittances from emigrants; remittances supplement GDP by more than 20%. Economic reforms are aimed at developing the private sector and attracting foreign investment to diversify the economy. Future prospects depend heavily on the maintenance of aid flows, the encouragement of tourism, remittances, and the momentum of the government's development program.
Electricity - consumption	6.898 billion kWh (2000)	40.06 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports	6.3 billion kWh (2000)	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports	3 billion kWh (2000)	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - production	10.966 billion kWh (2000)	43.08 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 20% hydro: 3% nuclear: 77% other: 0% (2000)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Baltic Sea 0 m highest point: Juozapines/Kalnas 292 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mt. Fogo 2,829 m (a volcano on Fogo Island)
Environment - current issues	contamination of soil and groundwater with petroleum products and chemicals at military bases	soil erosion; deforestation due to demand for wood used as fuel; desertification; environmental damage has threatened several species of birds and reptiles; illegal beach sand extraction; overfishing
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	Lithuanian 80.6%, Russian 8.7%, Polish 7%, Belarusian 1.6%, other 2.1%	Creole (mulatto) 71%, African 28%, European 1%
Exchange rates	litai per US dollar - 3.4946 (15 October 2002), 3.4794 (1 July 2002), 4.000 (fixed rate between 1 May 1994 and 1 February 2002); note - litai is the plural of litas; effective 1 February 2002 the litas was pegged to the euro at a rate of 3.4528	Cape Verdean escudos (CVE) per US dollar - 88.808 (2004), 97.703 (2003), 117.168 (2002), 123.228 (2001), 119.687 (2000)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Rolandas PAKSAS (since 26 February 2003) head of government: Premier Algirdas Mykolas BRAZAUSKAS (since 3 July 2001) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the nomination of the premier elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 22 December 2002 and 5 January 2003 (next to be held in late 2007); premier appointed by the president on the approval of the Parliament election results: Rolandas PAKSAS elected president; percent of vote - Rolandas PAKSAS 54.9%, Valdas ADAMKUS 45.1%	chief of state: President Pedro PIRES (since 22 March 2001) head of government: Prime Minister Jose Maria Pereira NEVES (since 1 February 2001) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 11 and 25 February 2001 (next to be held February 2006); prime minister nominated by the National Assembly and appointed by the president election results: Pedro PIRES elected president; percent of vote - Pedro PIRES (PAICV) 49.43%, Carlos VIEGA (MPD) 49.42%; note - the election was won by only twelve votes
Exports	$5.4 billion f.o.b. (2002 est.)	NA
Exports - commodities	mineral products 23%, textiles and clothing 16%, machinery and equipment 11%, chemicals 6%, wood and wood products 5%, foodstuffs 5% (2001)	fuel, shoes, garments, fish, hides
Exports - partners	UK 13.8%, Latvia 12.6%, Germany 12.6%, Russia 11%, Poland 6.3% (2001)	Portugal 59.4%, US 17.2%, UK 11.4% (2004)
Fiscal year	calendar year	calendar year
Flag description	three equal horizontal bands of yellow (top), green, and red	three horizontal bands of light blue (top, double width), white (with a horizontal red stripe in the middle third), and light blue; a circle of 10 yellow five-pointed stars is centered on the hoist end of the red stripe and extends into the upper and lower blue bands
GDP	purchasing power parity - $29.2 billion (2002 est.)	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 8% industry: 31% services: 61% (2001 est.)	agriculture: 12.1% industry: 21.9% services: 66% (2004 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $8,400 (2002 est.)	purchasing power parity - $1,400 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	4.5% (2002 est.)	5% (2004 est.)
Geographic coordinates	56 00 N, 24 00 E	16 00 N, 24 00 W
Geography - note	fertile central plains are separated by hilly uplands that are ancient glacial deposits	strategic location 500 km from west coast of Africa near major north-south sea routes; important communications station; important sea and air refueling site
Highways	total: 44,000 km paved: 35,500 km unpaved: 8,500 km (2001)	total: 1,350 km paved: 932 km unpaved: 418 km (2000)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: 3% highest 10%: 26% (1996) (1996)	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA
Illicit drugs	transshipment point for opiates and other illicit drugs from Southwest Asia, Latin America, and Western Europe to Western Europe and Scandinavia; limited production of methamphetamine and ecstasy; susceptible to money laundering	used as a transshipment point for illicit drugs moving from Latin America and Asia destined for Western Europe; the lack of a well-developed financial system limits the country's utility as a money-laundering center
Imports	$6.8 billion f.o.b. (2002 est.)	NA
Imports - commodities	mineral products 21%, machinery and equipment 17%, transport equipment 11%, chemicals 9%, textiles and clothing 9%, metals 5% (2001)	foodstuffs, industrial products, transport equipment, fuels
Imports - partners	Russia 25.3%, Germany 17.2%, Poland 4.9%, Italy 4.2%, France 3.8% (2001)	Portugal 41.8%, US 12.3%, Netherlands 8.4%, Spain 5.2%, Italy 4.2%, Brazil 4% (2004)
Independence	11 March 1990 (independence declared from Soviet Union); 6 September 1991 (Soviet Union recognizes Lithuania's independence)	5 July 1975 (from Portugal)
Industrial production growth rate	6% (2002 est.)	NA
Industries	metal-cutting machine tools, electric motors, television sets, refrigerators and freezers, petroleum refining, shipbuilding (small ships), furniture making, textiles, food processing, fertilizers, agricultural machinery, optical equipment, electronic components, computers, amber	food and beverages, fish processing, shoes and garments, salt mining, ship repair
Infant mortality rate	14.34 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)	total: 47.77 deaths/1,000 live births male: 52.95 deaths/1,000 live births female: 42.44 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	0.8% (2002 est.)	1.5% (2004 est.)
International organization participation	ACCT (observer), BIS, CBSS, CCC, CE, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, EU (applicant), FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIK, UPU, WCL, WEU (associate partner), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO	ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, ECOWAS, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO (observer)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	32 (2001)	-
Irrigated land	90 sq km (1998 est.)	30 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Constitutional Court; Supreme Court; Court of Appeal; judges for all courts appointed by the President	Supreme Tribunal of Justice or Supremo Tribunal de Justia
Labor force	1.5 million (2001 est.)	NA
Labor force - by occupation	industry 30%, agriculture 20%, services 50% (1997 est.)	-
Land boundaries	total: 1,273 km border countries: Belarus 502 km, Latvia 453 km, Poland 91 km, Russia (Kaliningrad) 227 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 45.46% permanent crops: 0.93% other: 53.61% (1998 est.)	arable land: 9.68% permanent crops: 0.5% other: 89.82% (2001)
Languages	Lithuanian (official), Polish, Russian	Portuguese, Crioulo (a blend of Portuguese and West African words)
Legal system	based on civil law system; legislative acts can be appealed to the constitutional court	derived from the legal system of Portugal
Legislative branch	unicameral Parliament or Seimas (141 seats, 71 members are directly elected by popular vote, 70 are elected by proportional representation; members serve four-year terms) elections: last held 8 October 2000 (next to be held NA October 2004) election results: percent of vote by party - Social Democratic Coalition 31.1%, New Union-Social Liberals 19.6%, Liberal Union 17.2%, TS 8.6%, remaining parties all less than 5%; seats by party - Social Democratic Coalition 52, Liberal Union 34, New Union-Social Liberals 29, TS 9, Farmer's Party 4, Center Union 2, Poles' Electoral Action 2, Modern Christian Democratic Union 1, independents 3, others 5	unicameral National Assembly or Assembleia Nacional (72 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: last held 14 January 2001 (next to be held December 2005) election results: percent of vote by party - PAICV 47.3%, MPD 39.8%, ADM 6%, other 6.9%; seats by party - PAICV 40, MPD 30, ADM 2
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 69.42 years male: 63.54 years female: 75.6 years (2002 est.)	total population: 70.45 years male: 67.13 years female: 73.86 years (2005 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 98% male: 99% female: 98% (1989 est.)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 76.6% male: 85.8% female: 69.2% (2003 est.)
Location	Eastern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea, between Latvia and Russia	Western Africa, group of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Senegal
Map references	Europe	Political Map of the World
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 NM	measured from claimed archipelagic baselines territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	total: 47 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 279,743 GRT/304,156 DWT ships by type: cargo 25, combination bulk 8, petroleum tanker 2, railcar carrier 1, refrigerated cargo 6, roll on/roll off 2, short-sea passenger 3 note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Denmark 13 (2002 est.)	total: 5 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 5,395 GRT/6,614 DWT by type: cargo 2, chemical tanker 1, passenger/cargo 2 foreign-owned: 1 (United Kingdom 1) (2005)
Military branches	Ground Forces, Navy, Air and Air Defense Force, National Volunteer Defense Forces (SKAT)	People's Revolutionary Armed Forces (FARP): Army, Coast Guard (includes maritime air wing)
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$230.8 million (FY01)	$14.1 million (2004)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	1.9% (FY01)	1.5% (2004)
Military manpower - availability	males age 15-49: 933,638 (2002 est.)	-
Military manpower - fit for military service	males age 15-49: 733,415 (2002 est.)	-
Military manpower - military age	18 years of age (2002 est.)	-
Military manpower - reaching military age annually	males: 28,506 (2002 est.)	-
National holiday	Independence Day, 16 February (1918); note - 16 February 1918 is the date of independence from German, Austrian, Prussian, and Russian occupation, 11 March 1990 is the date of independence from the Soviet Union	Independence Day, 5 July (1975)
Nationality	noun: Lithuanian(s) adjective: Lithuanian	noun: Cape Verdean(s) adjective: Cape Verdean
Natural hazards	NA	prolonged droughts; seasonal harmattan wind produces obscuring dust; volcanically and seismically active
Natural resources	peat, arable land	salt, basalt rock, limestone, kaolin, fish, clay, gypsum
Net migration rate	0.15 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)	-11.99 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Pipelines	crude oil, 105 km; natural gas 760 km (1992)	-
Political parties and leaders	Christian Democratic Party or LKDP [Kazys BOBELIS, chairman]; Electoral Action of Lithuanian Poles [Valdemar TOMASZEVSKI, chairman]; Homeland Union/Conservative Party or TS [Vytautas LANDSBERGIS, chairman]; Lithuanian Center Union or LCS [Kestutis GLAVECKAS, chairman]; Lithuanian Farmer's Party or LUP [Ramunas KARBAUSKIS, chairman]; Lithuanian Green Party [Rimantas BRAZIULIS]; Lithuanian Liberal Union [Eugenijus GENTVILAS, chairman]; Lithuanian Liberal Youth [Neringa MOROZAITE]; Lithuanian National Democratic Party [Vygintas GONTIS]; Lithuanian Social Democratic Coalition [Algirdas BRAZAUSKAS, chairman] consists of the Lithuanian Democratic Labor Party or LDDP, the Lithuanian Social Democratic Party or LSPD, and New Democracy; Moderate Conservative Union [Gediminas VAGNORIUS]; Modern Christian Democratic Union [Vytautas BOGUSIS, chairman]; New Democracy and Farmer's Union [Kazimiera PRUNSKIENE, chairman]; New Union-Social Liberals [Arturas PAULAUSKAS, chairman]; Young Lithuania [Arnoldas PLATELIS]	African Party for Independence of Cape Verde or PAICV [Jose Maria Pereira NEVES, chairman]; Democratic Alliance for Change or ADM [Dr. Eurico MONTEIRO] (a coalition of PCD, PTS, and UCID); Democratic Christian Party or PDC [Manuel RODRIGUES, chairman]; Democratic Renovation Party or PRD [Jacinto SANTOS, president]; Movement for Democracy or MPD [Agostinho LOPES, president]; Party for Democratic Convergence or PCD [Dr. Eurico MONTEIRO, president]; Party of Work and Solidarity or PTS [Isaias RODRIGUES, president]; Social Democratic Party or PSD [Joao ALEM, president]
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	NA
Population	3,601,138 (July 2002 est.)	418,224 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	30% (2000)
Population growth rate	-0.25% (2002 est.)	0.67% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors	Butinge, Kaunas, Klaipeda	Mindelo, Praia, Tarrafal
Radio broadcast stations	AM 29, FM 142, shortwave 1 (2001)	AM 0, FM 22 (and 12 low power repeaters), shortwave 0 (2002)
Radios	1.9 million (1997)	-
Railways	total: 1,998 km broad gauge: 1,807 km 1.524-m gauge (122 km electrified) standard gauge: 22 km 1.435-m gauge narrow gauge: 169 km 0.750-m gauge (2001)	-
Religions	Roman Catholic (primarily), Lutheran, Russian Orthodox, Protestant, Evangelical Christian Baptist, Muslim, Jewish	Roman Catholic (infused with indigenous beliefs); Protestant (mostly Church of the Nazarene)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.51 male(s)/female total population: 0.88 male(s)/female (2002 est.)	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.6 male(s)/female total population: 0.94 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: inadequate, but is being modernized to provide an improved international capability and better residential access domestic: a national, fiber-optic cable, interurban, trunk system is nearing completion; rural exchanges are being improved and expanded; mobile cellular systems are being installed; access to the Internet is available; still many unsatisfied telephone subscriber applications international: landline connections to Latvia and Poland; major international connections to Denmark, Sweden, and Norway by submarine cable for further transmission by satellite	general assessment: effective system, extensive modernization from 1996-2000 following partial privatization in 1995 domestic: major service provider is Cabo Verde Telecom (CVT); fiber optic ring, completed in 2001, links all islands providing Internet access and ISDN services; cellular service introduced in 1998 international: country code - 238; 2 coaxial submarine cables; HF radiotelephone to Senegal and Guinea-Bissau; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	1.142 million (2001)	71,700 (2003)
Telephones - mobile cellular	500,000 (2001)	53,300 (2003)
Television broadcast stations	27 note: Lithuania has approximately 27 broadcasting stations, but may have as many as 100 transmitters, including repeater stations (2001)	1 (and 7 repeaters) (2002)
Terrain	lowland, many scattered small lakes, fertile soil	steep, rugged, rocky, volcanic
Total fertility rate	1.4 children born/woman (2002 est.)	3.48 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate	12.5% (2001 est.)	21% (2000 est.)
Waterways	600 km (perennially navigable)	-

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